The Call for Strategic R&D Project no. 014/2012 to deal with “Technical and commercial arrangements for the insertion of biogas electric energy generation from residues and liquid effluents in the Brazilian energy grid" was published in Official Federal Gazette of 7/26. This initiative, approved last July 24th 2012 by the Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency (ANEEL) collegiate board, aims at contributing toward treatment of residues and liquid effluents in the country, as well as enabling technological development, increasing electricity supply security and the diversification of the energy grid.
ANEEL’s Strategic R&D considers themes of national interest and of great importance to the electric sector, involving great complexity in scientific or technological terms and low attractiveness for investment as an isolated or individual strategy. Furthermore, future projects should demand joint and coordinated efforts by several companies and executing entities and major financial resources. That is the case of biogas generation. According to ANEEL internal studies, more than 95% of the energy recovery of residue in Brazil is concentrated in the sugar and alcohol sector, based on the burning of bagasse, and the paper sector, through the use of black liquor. Among the biomass thermoelectric plants in operation, practically 1% is from biomass (19 plants, totaling little more than 77 installed megawatts). Successful experiences in Germany permit supposing significant gains in the energy balance when considering the portion of materials that could be recycled before being sent to landfills.
The National Solid Waste Law (Law no. 12.305/2010) stipulates that, starting 2014, only residues without economic feasibility for recovery should be deposited in landfills. The law also determines that open-air landfills and controlled landfills must be closed. According to the National Basic Sanitation Survey (2008), only 28% of waste final disposal units are classified as landfills – that is, 72% of all final disposals would be inappropriate.
According to the National Information System on Sanitation (2009), only 37.9% of the sewage generated in the country is treated. The water and sewage sector represents 2.6% of electricity consumption in the entire country, according to the National Energy Balance (BEM) of 2008, and this is one of the reasons why the National Energy Efficiency Plan (PNEF 2010-2030) elected the sanitation sector as a priority.
The following timetable for project execution becomes valid starting on 7/26:
Demonstration of interest by Companies in executing the project: 15 days
Disclosure of those Companies interested in executing the project for ANEEL: 5 days
Sending of the project proposal to ANEEL: 90 days
Disclosure of the proposal’s initial evaluation result by ANEEL: 60 days
Demonstration of interest in executing the project: 10 days
Deadline for beginning project execution: 180 days
Termination of project execution: 36 months
Source: ANEEL
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